Aerothermal energy is emerging as an efficient and sustainable solution for home climate control. This system harnesses the energy from the outside air to provide heating, cooling, and domestic hot water. Its operation is based on a heat pump, which transforms the thermal energy in the air into usable resources. Aerothermal energy not only reduces energy consumption but also contributes to sustainability and the reduction of CO2 emissions.
Basic principles of home aerothermal systems
Aerothermal energy is a resource based on harnessing the energy from the air to generate heating, cooling, and hot water. This section provides a detailed overview of the fundamental aspects that govern its operation.
Air energy capture and renewable energy
Aerothermal energy is based on capturing the thermal energy stored in the outdoor air. Through this process, it is possible to extract heat even in cold conditions, utilizing a natural and abundant resource. This system is considered a renewable energy source, as it does not deplete environmental resources or generate polluting waste. Therefore, it contributes to planetary sustainability.
- Inexhaustible energy source: Air is continuously available, allowing for a constant energy supply.
- Reduced dependence on fossil fuels: By using air, reliance on non-renewable resources is decreased, promoting cleaner development.
- Minimal emissions: Aerothermal systems help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promoting a healthier environment.
How aerothermal systems work
The aerothermal system operates by using a heat pump that transforms the thermal energy from the air into usable heat. This process is based on thermodynamic principles and allows energy to be transferred from one place to another through refrigeration cycles. The heat pump works effectively in both winter and summer, providing heating or cooling as needed.
- Air capture: Energy is extracted from the outdoor air.
- Heat transformation: The heat pump converts the extracted energy into usable heat.
- Distribution: The heat is distributed through heating systems such as radiators or underfloor heating.
Components of the air-to-water heat pump
The air-to-water heat pump is made up of several key components that work together to optimize the system’s efficiency. Each component plays a fundamental role in capturing, transforming, and distributing thermal energy.
- Evaporator: Captures heat from the outside air and heats a refrigerant circulating inside it.
- Compressor: Increases the temperature of the refrigerant through a compression process.
- Condenser: Transfers the heat from the refrigerant to the water, which will be used for heating or hot water.
- Expansion valve: Reduces the pressure of the refrigerant, allowing the cycle to restart.
Air-to-water heat cycle and domestic hot water production
The air-to-water heat pump cycle is a continuous process that repeats to ensure the desired thermal conditions are maintained in the home. This cycle not only provides heating and cooling but is also capable of producing domestic hot water, adding greater versatility to the system.
- Phase 1: The pump absorbs heat from the outdoor air in the evaporator.
- Phase 2: The refrigerant heats up and is compressed, increasing its temperature.
- Phase 3: In the condenser, the heat is transferred to the water, which is heated for use.
- Phase 4: Once the refrigerant loses its heat, it expands and the cycle restarts.
How aerothermal systems work
The aerothermal system operates by using a heat pump that transforms the thermal energy from the air into usable heat. This process is based on thermodynamic principles and allows energy to be transferred from one place to another through refrigeration cycles. The heat pump works effectively in both winter and summer, providing heating or cooling as needed.
- Air capture: Energy is extracted from the outdoor air.
- Heat transformation: The heat pump converts the extracted energy into usable heat.
- Distribution: The heat is distributed through heating systems such as radiators or underfloor heating.
Components of the air-to-water heat pump
The air-to-water heat pump is made up of several key components that work together to optimize the system’s efficiency. Each component plays a fundamental role in capturing, transforming, and distributing thermal energy.
- Evaporator: Captures heat from the outside air and heats a refrigerant circulating inside it.
- Compressor: Increases the temperature of the refrigerant through a compression process.
- Condenser: Transfers the heat from the refrigerant to the water, which will be used for heating or hot water.
- Expansion valve: Reduces the pressure of the refrigerant, allowing the cycle to restart.
Air-to-water heat cycle and domestic hot water production
The air-to-water heat pump cycle is a continuous process that repeats to ensure the desired thermal conditions are maintained in the home. This cycle not only provides heating and cooling but is also capable of producing domestic hot water, adding greater versatility to the system.
- Phase 1: The pump absorbs heat from the outdoor air in the evaporator.
- Phase 2: The refrigerant heats up and is compressed, increasing its temperature.
- Phase 3: In the condenser, the heat is transferred to the water, which is heated for use.
- Phase 4: Once the refrigerant loses its heat, it expands and the cycle restarts.
Installation of the aerothermal system in your home
Installing an aerothermal system represents a significant step toward a more efficient and sustainable home. This process involves a series of requirements and considerations to ensure proper operation and optimized energy performance.
Requirements for installing aerothermal systems in homes
To carry out the installation of an aerothermal system, it is essential to consider certain technical and regulatory requirements. First, the home must have suitable space for the heat pump, which is usually installed outdoors. It is also important for the house to be well insulated, which maximizes the system’s efficiency.
- Sufficient space for the heat pump and its components.
- Proper insulation of the home to minimize energy losses.
- Appropriate electrical connections to support the system’s consumption.
Sizing and required power based on energy demand
Sizing the system is a critical aspect when considering the installation of aerothermal technology. The specific energy demand of the home must be assessed, including heating, cooling, and domestic hot water production. A proper estimate ensures that the system delivers optimal performance and avoids energy overconsumption.
- Assessment of the size of the home and the layout of the spaces.
- Determination of the required power based on annual energy demand.
- Analysis of the efficiency of insulation and windows installed in the home.
Types of aerothermal climate control systems
There are several types of aerothermal systems that can be adapted to different needs. These systems vary depending on the energy source and the design of the thermal distribution circuit. Available options include:
- Air-to-water heat pumps, which extract energy from the outside air.
- Water-to-water heat pumps, which use water from rivers or aquifers as an energy source.
- Hybrid heat pumps, which combine aerothermal energy with other sources such as geothermal.
Compatibility with underfloor heating and low-temperature systems
The aerothermal system is highly compatible with underfloor heating solutions. This combination allows for lower operating temperatures, which in turn improves energy efficiency and maximizes system performance. Underfloor heating distributes heat evenly, achieving optimal comfort in the home.
Integration with other renewable energies and solar systems
Aerothermal energy can benefit greatly from integration with other renewable energy sources, especially solar thermal or photovoltaic systems. This synergy further reduces energy consumption, as solar panels can power the heat pump, making the process more sustainable. The combination of aerothermal energy with renewable energies is a step toward more self-sufficient and environmentally conscious homes.
Advantages of aerothermal energy for heating and cooling
Aerothermal energy offers multiple benefits for both heating and cooling in the home. Its implementation not only promotes energy savings but also contributes to sustainability and comfort in the household.
Energy bill savings and energy efficiency
One of the main advantages of aerothermal energy is its ability to reduce energy bills. This system can transform one kilowatt of electricity into up to four kilowatts of thermal energy. In this way, it achieves energy efficiency that can reduce heating and cooling costs by up to 70% compared to traditional systems. This significant saving allows the initial investment to be recovered within a reasonable period, making aerothermal energy an attractive option for homeowners.
Heating in winter and cooling in summer
The versatility of aerothermal systems allows for a comfortable environment throughout the year. In winter, the system provides heating by extracting heat from the outside air. During summer, it can reverse the cycle and operate as a cooling pump, providing indoor cooling. This eliminates the need for separate systems for heating and cooling, simplifying installations and reducing operating costs.
Reduction of CO₂ emissions and sustainability
The use of aerothermal energy significantly contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Since it is based on renewable energy, its systems operate with a lower environmental impact compared to solutions that rely on fossil fuels. Adopting this type of technology allows homes to align with global sustainability goals and the most demanding environmental regulations. This makes aerothermal energy a key option in the fight against climate change.
Thermal comfort and system noise level
Aerothermal energy provides superior thermal comfort thanks to its ability to maintain stable and pleasant temperatures constantly. This translates into a better quality of life within the home. Another notable aspect of this type of system is its low noise level. Modern heat pumps are designed to operate quietly, which is especially valuable in homes where tranquility is a priority. Technology has advanced to reduce noise and vibration, contributing to the peacefulness of the domestic environment.
Maintenance and durability of heat pumps
Maintenance of aerothermal systems is relatively simple and cost-effective. Generally, they require fewer interventions than other traditional heating or cooling systems. A properly installed and maintained heat pump can have a lifespan of 15 to 20 years, ensuring a long-term investment. This innovative system is a great option for those seeking a reliable and durable solution that not only functions efficiently but also has a reduced environmental impact.
Costs, financing, and subsidies for home aerothermal systems
Implementing aerothermal systems in the home involves various financial considerations, ranging from initial installation costs to financing opportunities and available subsidies. These aspects can play a decisive role when adopting this sustainable technology.
Installation prices according to the size and characteristics of the home
The installation costs of an aerothermal system vary significantly depending on different factors. The size of the home, the desired efficiency, and the specific features of the system are the most decisive variables.
- Home size: Larger homes generally require systems with greater capacity, which increases costs. The estimated price range for installations varies between €12,000 and €26,000.
- System characteristics: The complexity of the selected system—such as including underfloor heating or integration with solar energy—can also affect the final cost. Choosing high-efficiency equipment may have a higher initial price but offer greater savings in the long term.
- Location and property conditions: Factors such as the accessibility of the installation space and the need for infrastructure modification play a crucial role in determining installation costs.
Financing options and public subsidies available in 2025
With the aim of promoting the adoption of clean energy, there are various financing options and subsidies that support the installation of aerothermal systems. These incentives are especially relevant to reduce the initial financial burden.
- Financing through banking institutions: Many banks offer specific loans for the installation of renewable energy systems. These loans may include favorable conditions such as reduced interest rates.
- Public subsidies: In 2025, many public administrations offer subsidies of up to €3,000. These grants apply to aerothermal installations and are aimed at individuals and homeowner communities seeking to modernize their climate systems.
- Local initiatives: Some regional governments have developed additional programs that complement national subsidies, providing greater financial support for homeowners who want to install aerothermal energy.
Payback period and long-term economic benefits
Investing in an aerothermal system involves not only initial costs but also a long-term payback analysis. It is essential to evaluate how the investment will be recovered through energy savings and other economic benefits.
- Energy bill savings: It is estimated that aerothermal users can achieve energy bill savings of up to 70%. This is due to the high efficiency of the system, which can produce 3 to 4 kWh of heat for every kWh consumed.
- Payback period: In general, the investment can be recovered within 4 to 12 years, depending on the home’s size and the efficiency of the installed system. This timeframe may vary depending on energy prices and system usage.
- Increase in property value: Installing an aerothermal system can also lead to an increase in a home’s resale value, given the growing interest in energy-efficient and sustainable solutions.
Integration of aerothermal energy with underfloor heating and ventilation
The combination of aerothermal energy with underfloor heating and ventilation systems provides an efficient approach to home climate control. This integration maximizes energy use and ensures a comfortable environment throughout the year.
Functionality of underfloor heating for heating and cooling
Underfloor heating has become one of the most effective solutions when installed alongside an aerothermal system. This method distributes heat evenly across the entire floor surface, creating a pleasant environment without the temperature fluctuations often experienced with other heating systems.
In winter, the aerothermal system heats the water that circulates through pipes embedded in the floor, allowing heat to radiate from the floor into the home. When operating in cooling mode during summer, the process is reversed, effectively cooling the space even on the hottest days. This dual functionality promotes efficiency and enables continuous, cost-effective energy use.
Use of ceramic flooring to improve thermal efficiency
The type of flooring material plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of the underfloor heating system. Ceramic flooring is a highly suitable option due to its high thermal conductivity. This material not only transfers heat efficiently but also cools down quickly when the system operates in cooling mode.
Selecting the right materials for underfloor heating ensures that energy is used optimally, resulting in lower consumption and significant savings on energy bills. Thus, ceramic flooring becomes the perfect ally for households aiming to maximize the performance of their climate system.
Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery to optimize climate control
Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) is an additional strategy that can be integrated alongside aerothermal energy and underfloor heating. This system ensures constant air renewal within the home, improving indoor air quality and thermal comfort.
Implementing MVHR allows for efficient management of fresh air intake while extracting stale air, preventing moisture buildup and the proliferation of allergens. Therefore, it not only optimizes temperature and climate control but also helps maintain a healthy indoor environment.
With proper coordination between aerothermal energy, underfloor heating, and mechanical ventilation, an integrated system is achieved that improves the home’s energy efficiency, promoting both economic savings and comfort for its residents.
Frequently asked questions about aerothermal energy in the home
There are various questions about the operation and features of aerothermal systems in homes. Below are some of the most common questions asked by those interested in adopting this efficient and sustainable technology.
How much energy does an aerothermal system consume?
The electricity consumption of an aerothermal system depends on several factors, such as the size of the home, the type of installation, and the system’s efficiency. Generally, these systems are highly efficient, capable of producing between 3 and 4 kWh of heat for every kWh consumed. This means that, even though electricity is used, the total energy cost can be significantly lower than with traditional systems.
Can aerothermal energy be installed in all climate zones?
Aerothermal energy can be adapted to most climate zones. However, its efficiency may be affected by extreme temperatures. In very cold climates, it may be necessary to supplement the system with an additional heating source. Even so, modern aerothermal systems are designed to operate efficiently in fairly low temperatures, making them viable in a variety of conditions.
What maintenance does an aerothermal heat pump require?
Maintaining an aerothermal heat pump is relatively simple compared to other climate systems. It is recommended to schedule periodic check-ups every one or two years, which include cleaning filters and checking the system’s pressure. This type of maintenance is usually less costly and less frequent than systems that depend on fossil fuels.
Can aerothermal energy fully meet the demand for heating and hot water?
In general, aerothermal systems are designed to meet the heating and domestic hot water needs of an average home. However, in extremely cold situations or homes with high energy consumption, an auxiliary system may be required. The capacity of the heat pump must be properly sized to ensure it meets the specific needs of each household.
How does aerothermal energy affect comfort and indoor air quality?
Installing an aerothermal system can significantly improve home comfort. These systems provide uniform and constant climate control, reducing temperature fluctuations. On the other hand, when combined with a mechanical ventilation system, they ensure a steady supply of fresh air, thereby improving indoor air quality and contributing to a healthier environment.
Ready to take the next step toward more efficient climate control?
Aerothermal home systems are a smart investment for those looking to improve thermal comfort, reduce energy bills, and actively contribute to a more sustainable future. If you’re considering incorporating an aerothermal system into your home, now is the ideal time to get informed and make the best decision.
At Karma Clima, we help you evaluate your needs, study the best solution for your home, and guide you through the installation process. Our technical team can advise you on everything you need to integrate an aerothermal home system efficiently and effectively.
🔧 Request your free consultation and take the first step toward a quieter, more efficient, and sustainable home.
